Comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Chronic and aggressive periodontitis dentistry branches. Demographic, clinical, and microbial aspects of chronic and aggressive periodontitis in colombia. Localized aggressive periodontitis progresses rapidly. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive. The diagnostic features of the disease are characteristic, but the clinical presentation and patterns of destructions may vary between patients.
Clinical features of localized aggressive periodontitis. Differentiating between chronic periodontitis cp and aggressive periodontitis agp is challenging. American academy of periodontology task force report on. Ninety subjects were categorized into three treatment groups. Reena rodriguez, nico hartmann and dieter weingart, long term clinical outcome of dental implants placed in a patient with aggressive periodontitis and glucose6phosphate dehydrogenase g6pd deficiency, international journal of dental science and research, 2, 1, 25, 2015. Chronic periodontitis is a good example of a chronic inflammatory condition, with persisting inflammation occurring concurrently with attempts at repair. The clinical sign of chronic periodontitis, namely inflammation pocket formation, attachment loss, and bone loss are considered to be due to the direct, site specific effect of subginigival plaque accumulation. Aggressive periodontitis barbara noack, thomas hoffmann the diagnosis aggressive periodontitis, defined by the international workshop for a classification of periodontal diseases and conditions in 1999, refers to the multifactorial, severe, and rapidly progressive form of periodontitis, which primarily but not exclusively af. Localized aggressive periodontitis in 15yearold black, female patient who had a twin with similar disease. Aggressive periodontitis is a unique disease affecting the periodontium causing irreparable damage.
Currently, no association between aggressive periodontitis and oral hygiene has been. The eventual outcome of untreated disease is tooth loss. Chronic periodontitis affects about 750 million people or about 10. Perio chapter 16 aggressive periodontitis flashcards. There may be a relatively low amount of plaque accumulation. Periodontitis is very common, and is widely regarded as the second most common dental disease worldwide, after dental decay, and in the united states has a prevalence of 3050% of the population, but only about 10% have severe forms. The loss of clinical attachment in patients with aggressive periodontitis is about three to four times faster.
Compare and contrast clinical differences between chronic and aggressive forms of periodontitis. Clinical features chronic periodontitis periodontal inflammation is consistent with the local factors attachment as well as alveolar bone loss is seen localized chronic periodontitis has a clear pattern in 30% of teeth generalized chronic periodontitis occurs without a clear pattern and 30% of teeth are affected. Chronic periodontitis is a common disease of the oral cavity consisting of chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues that is caused by the accumulation of profuse amounts of dental plaque. A multicenter study lafaurie 2007 journal of periodontology wiley online library. This study evaluated the demographic, clinical, and microbiologic aspects of periodontitis in a mu. This may not be all that significant from a treatment perspective, in so far as individualized antiinfective therapies are effective for both forms of the disease. Periodontitis can cause teeth to loosen or lead to tooth loss. Possible example of selflimiting of untreated localized aggressive periodontitis. Localized aggressive periodontitis treatment response in.
Chronic periodontitis, the most common form of periodontitis, causes swelling and redness in the gums. With few exceptions, most forms of periodontitis are chronic inflammation that may progress continuously or by burst of activity. Aggressive periodontitis can be localized or generalized. Classification and diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis. Nevertheless, if treatment of aggressive periodontitis is delayed for extended periods, then salvage of the affected teeth may be unattainable. Name the primary features of aggressive periodontitis. Presence or absence of periodontal pathogens does not. Ebscohost serves thousands of libraries with premium essays, articles and other content including comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Aggressive periodontitis, differs from the chronic form by 1 occurring primarily in adolescents and young adults, 2 causing rapid destruction. Aggressive periodontitis has hypoplasia in cementum, cracks and there is unequal distribution of phosphate and calcium on cemental surface. Periodontal disease can generally be divided into different types including chronic, aggressive and necrotizing periodontal disease. In generalized aggressive periodontitis, most permanent teeth are affected.
Periodontitis inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth or also known as the periodontium can also occur in young people. Periodontitis is defined as a progressive inflammatory disease affecting all tooth supporting tissues 1. Studies on caries levels in aggressive periodontitis formerly known as juvenile periodontitis versus chronic periodontitis patients sioson et al. The patient reported a smoking habit of 15 cigarettes per day. These features are common for both localized and generalized form of disease. Chronic periodontitis is one of the seven categories of periodontitis as defined by the american academy of periodontology 1999 classification system. Both chronic and aggressive periodontitis share major environmental and genetic risk factors, and some clinicians find the differential diagnosis between these two diseases difficult and impossible. In chronic periodontitis, there is no welldefined pattern of bone loss.
Shared clinical features in a general way, chronic and aggressive periodontitis share many clinical features, but the speci. According to the 1999 international workshop for the classification of periodontal diseases, aggressive periodontitis was defined according to 3 primary features, in contrast to chronic periodontitis. Periodontitis can be further subcategorized into three broad classes based on radiographic, laboratory and clinical features. In addition, the diseases etiology is summarized with the use of categories that explain the known factors i. Furthermore, both forms of disease are exacerbated by tobacco use. Chronic versus aggressive periodontitis a comprehensive.
One of the shared clinical characteristics of chronic and aggressive periodontitis is that affected individuals have no known medical or general health con. Classification and diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis fine 2018. The longterm prognosis of chronic periodontitis depends on the desire of the patient to keep up on the periodontal. Localized aggressive periodontitis is characterized by circumpubertal onset and attachment loss localized to the first molars and incisors with involvement of no more than two teeth other than the first molars and incisors. Classification, diagnosis and clinical manifestations of apical periodontitis article in endodontic topics 81. Ppt aggressive periodontitis powerpoint presentation. A systematic search was conducted using databases for publications prior to october 2016. A less severe form of acute condition is called subacute. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. A group of patients who were referred for treatment at fousp were selected to participate in this study after diagnosis. The evidence suggests that aggressive periodontitis is influenced by microbiological, genetic, and host factors.
Classification, diagnosis and clinical manifestations of. As opposed to chronic periodontitis, the amount of biofilm and calculus accumulation in aggressive periodontitis subjects is inconsistent with the severity and progression of the periodontal destruction. Three examiners extracted data from articles with a clear association between. Chronic onset any ages, most commonly in adults over the age of 35. Chronic periodontitis an overview sciencedirect topics. Aggressive periodontitis ap on the other hand, differs from the chronic form by 1 occurring primarily in adolescents and young adults, 2 causing rapid destruction of the periodontium with very little or no plaque and calculus accumulation, 3occurring in healthy individuals with no systemic disease and 4 having a genetic predisposition. Apr 08, 2015 disease distribution chronic periodontitis is considered a sitespecific disease. This work aimed to synthesize the results of recent metaanalysis focusing on polymorphism in inflammatory mediators and its relation with the risk of periodontitis development. Generalized aggressive periodontitis and its treatment.
Aggressive periodontitis is often characterised by a rapid loss of periodontal attachment associated with highly pathogenic bacteria and an impaired immune response. When dealing with aggressive periodontitis, it may be difficult to stop to bone and attachment loss, however, the ideal scenario is the slow the deterioration of the periodontium. Genetic factors and the risk of periodontitis development. The gums will pull back from the teeth and eventually teeth will loosen and fall out. Vertical bone loss is a common feature of aggressive periodontitis and not chronic periodontitis. Localized aggressive periodontitis lap is a rare form of inflammatory periodontal disease characterized by a rapid rate of progression, dramatic attachment and bone loss, on very specific teeth first molars and incisors, and an early age of onset 1,2. Omer cakmak, zekeriya tasdemir, cuneyt asim aral, serkan dundar and halit bugra koca, gingival crevicular fluid and saliva stress hormone levels in patients with chronic and aggressive periodontitis, journal of clinical periodontology, 43, 12, 10241031, 2016. Its chronicity is the result of the persistence of the inflammatory stimulus, the plaque biofilm, and the chronic inflammatory infiltrate in the marginal periodontal tissues in response to this.
Chronic and aggressive periodontitis free download as powerpoint presentation. Chapter 17 clinical features of gingivitis inflammation of gingiva is termed as gingivitis. Early diagnosis and the specific treatment is the key to the success of therapy. Impact of aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis.
The rate of bone loss is about three to four times faster than in chronic periodontitis. Chronic periodontitis progresses at an annual rate of about 0. Left untreated, it will lead to loss of soft tissue and bone. Request pdf comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis overall, while most clinicians would agree that aggressive forms of. Etiology and pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis. Overall, while most clinicians would agree that aggressive forms of periodontitis exist as clinical entities, the clinical distinction between chronic and aggressive periodontitis especially generalized is not. Chapter four discusses the main manifestations of gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, and periodontal disease resulting from systemic diseases. In recent years, two approaches have been introduced to improve the clinical outcomes of causerelated periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis patients. Figure 231 clinical features of generalized chronic periodontitis in a 49yearold, medically healthy, male patient.
In the past few decades, the retrospective analysis of the possible etiological factors responsible for aggressive periodontitis has magnified to its brink. Pdf demographic, clinical, and microbial aspects of. In addition, the authors discuss the treatment options, highlighting the conventional periodontal therapy, systemic administration of antibiotics, and surgical treatments. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library. Differential diagnosis between chronic versus aggressive. Chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis share the clinical features of bone loss and clinical. Without longitudinal clinical data, it is difficult to differentiate some cases of chronic periodontitis cp and aggressive periodontitis agp. Chronic vs aggressive periodontitis dental hygiene. Of the microflora characterised in aggressive periodontitis, approximately 6575% of bacteria are gramnegative bacilli, with few spirochaetes or motile rods present.
Nevertheless, it is well established that they are both complex. Aggressive periodontitis an overview sciencedirect topics. Demographic, clinical, and microbial aspects of chronic. Differentiation of chronic and aggressive periodontitis by. Classification according to course and distribution. Simvastatin and metformin in chronic periodontitis full. In contrast, the presence of clinical inflammation in generalized aggressive periodontitis appears to be similar to that observed in chronic periodontitis, and in this situation age of onset and family history are important additional criteria for either diagnosis or classification. Dec 25, 2010 localized aggressive periodontitis progresses rapidly.
This chapter discusses clinical features that have been described for chronic periodontitis. It is important to know if there is a family history of periodontal disease, particularly involving early loss of teeth, as this may be significant in making the periodontal diagnosis. The clinical assessment of aggressive periodontitis patients. Pdf differential diagnosis between chronic versus aggressive. Disease distribution chronic periodontitis is considered a sitespecific disease. Chronic periodontitis has higher amount of minerals with cracks on cementum.
Chronic periodontitis cp cases usually have abundance of plaque and calculus, which match with the amount of periodontal destruction. Overall, while most clinicians would agree that aggressive forms of periodontitis exist as clinical entities, the clinical distinction between chronic and aggressive periodontitis especially generalized is not clear cut. Different diseases in the periodontium can cause different changes in cementum structure and minerals composition. The primary cause of chronic periodontitis is poor oral hygiene. A, clinical view showing minimal plaque and inflammation, except for localized inflammation on the distal side of the maxillary left central incisor and the mandibular right central incisor. Smoking, oral hygiene, and psychological factors seem to play a role in both chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Risk factors identified for periodontal diseases are similar to the ones for chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis28. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. There are many factors that influence how rapidly the periodontium is destroyed. Aggressive periodontitis is a group of periodontal diseases characterized by localized or generalized loss of alveolar bone usually affecting individuals under 30 years of age. Managing aggressive periodontitis decisions in dentistry. Distolabial migration of maxillary incisors with diastema formation. Start studying perio chapter 16 aggressive periodontitis.
Introduction and background periodontitis is an opportunistic. Aggressive periodontitis, defination, classification, clinical features, histological features, diagnostic criteria, treatment. Each form of periodontal disease is infectious in nature, although the clinical presentation is either rapidlyprogressive aggressive or slow chronic 2, 3. American academy of periodontology task force report on the. In the united states, the estimate prevalence of moderate periodontitis was 44%, for ages 18 to 64 years old and 1015% for advanced levels of periodontitis. The genetic links associated with aggressive periodontitis agp are much stronger than with chronic periodontitis. Features recognized in the 1999 consensus reports differentiating chronic versus aggressive periodontitis chronic periodontitis1 aggressive periodontitis5 d most prevalent in adults, but can occur in children and adolescents d amount of destruction is consistent with the presence of local factors i. Feb 14, 2020 periodontitis pereodontietis, also called gum disease, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and, without treatment, can destroy the bone that supports your teeth. Aggressive periodontitis is characterized by a rapid loss of clinical attachment and alveolar bone and normally affects young adults.
Aggressive periodontitis can be differentiated from chronic periodontitis by the age of onset, rapid rate of disease progression, the nature. Histopathological features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. It can occur localized or generalized in an otherwise clinically healthy patient but with probable selective immune dysfunction. E comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Generalized aggressive periodontitis and its treatment options. Comparison of the clinical features of chronic and.
Only in presence of trauma from occlusion the bone loss pattern vertical in cases of chronic. Aggressive periodontitis, chronic periodontitis, and periodon titis as a manifestation of systemic diseases children and adolescents can have any of the several forms of periodontitis as described in the proceedings of the 1999 international workshop for a classification of periodontal diseases and conditions aggressive periodontitis, chronic. Study guide chapter 8 aggressive periodontitis flashcards. Generalized aggressive periodontitis results in rapid destruction of the periodontium and can lead to early tooth loss in the affected individuals if not diagnosed early and treated appropriately.